Material 718 Applications Suppliers

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Material 718 is a nickel-based superalloy that offers exceptional high temperature strength, oxidation resistance, and corrosion resistance. It is widely used in aerospace, power generation, and industrial applications where materials must withstand extreme environments. This comprehensive guide provides key details about material 718 to help engineers, designers, and procurement professionals understand its properties, applications, specifications, installation, and more.

Overview of Material 718

Material 718, also known by trade names like Inconel 718, IN718, and NS163, is a precipitation hardened nickel-chromium alloy containing significant amounts of iron, niobium, and molybdenum along with trace amounts of aluminum and titanium.

Key properties and characteristics of material 718:

Table 1: Properties and Characteristics of Material 718

Properties Details
Composition Nickel-chromium alloy with niobium, molybdenum, iron, aluminum, titanium
Density 8.19 g/cm3
Melting Point 1260-1335°C
Strength Excellent strength from -253 to 704°C
Hardness 36-41 HRC
Toughness Withstands vibration, thermal shock, fatigue
Corrosion Resistance Resists pitting, crevice corrosion even at high temperatures
Oxidation Resistance Forms protective oxide layer up to 1000°C
Weldability Welds well using GTAW, GMAW, SMAW
Manufacturability Hot worked or cold drawn into various forms
Cost Higher cost than carbon steels

The unique properties of material 718 make it well suited for use in extreme temperature, pressure, corrosive, and high stress environments where high strength, hardness, and corrosion resistance are critical.

material 718

Applications and Uses of Material 718

The exceptional properties of material 718 make it ideal for use in demanding applications including:

Table 2: Applications and Uses of Material 718

Application Uses
Aerospace Jet engine and airframe components, blades, discs, fasteners, casings, brackets
Oil & Gas Downhole tools, drill collars, wellhead equipment, valves, pumps
Power Generation Gas turbine blades, generators, steam turbine parts, heat exchangers
Automotive Turbocharger parts, valves, exhaust components
Chemical Processing Reactors, piping, heat exchangers, pressure vessels
Pollution Control Smokestack scrubbers, waste incinerators, hot gas filters
Tooling Extrusion dies, injection molds for plastics, hot work tools
Medical Implants, prosthetics that contact bone
Marine Seawater pumps, desalinization equipment, offshore rigs
Heat Treating Fixtures, trays, baskets, hot work tools

The combination of strength, corrosion resistance, and high temperature performance makes 718 invaluable for critical parts exposed to extreme environments in key industries.

Specifications of Material 718

Material 718 is manufactured to exacting specifications that govern its chemical composition, mechanical properties, microstructure, and other quality parameters.

Table 3: Specifications and Standards for Material 718

Specification Details
UNS Number N07718
AMS Specification AMS 5662, AMS 5663, AMS 5664
ASTM Specification ASTM B637
ISO Specification ISO 6207
Chemical Composition Ni 50-55%, Cr 17-21%, Nb 4.75-5.5%, Mo 2.8-3.3%, Ti 0.65-1.15%, Al 0.2-0.8%, C 0.08% max
Density 8.19 g/cm3
Melting Range 1260-1335°C
Mechanical Properties Tensile strength 1241 MPa, Yield strength 1034 MPa, Elongation 12%
Grain Size ASTM 6 or finer
Hardness 36-41 HRC
Microstructure Austenitic face centered cubic (FCC) matrix with precipitation hardening

Meeting the certified specifications ensures that material 718 performs consistently across applications. Rigorous quality control and testing is done during manufacturing.

Key Design Considerations for Material 718

To leverage the full potential of material 718, engineers must design components appropriately considering factors like:

Table 4: Key Design Factors for Material 718

Design Consideration Details
Strength Requirements Balance high strength with workability, match strength levels needed
Fatigue Resistance Design for cyclic stress conditions, utilize precipitation hardening
Corrosion Resistance Account for operating environment, temperatures, stresses
Tolerances Maintain tight tolerances for fit, clearance, dimensions
Weight Reduction Optimize designs to reduce weight where possible
Cost Reduction Balance performance needs with cost, utilize trades between machining vs casting/forging
Manufacturability Account for forming, machining, joining characteristics
Inspection Include access for inspection of critical areas
Testing Validate designs meet specifications via testing
Codes Adhere to required industrial codes for the application

Thoughtful design considering these factors allows engineers to fully utilize the advantages of 718 while mitigating limitations.

Forms and Processing of Material 718

Material 718 is available from suppliers in a wide array of forms, shapes, and processing conditions to suit specific design requirements:

Table 5: Forms and Processing Options for Material 718

Form/Processing Details Applications
Bar Stock Hot rolled, cold drawn rounds, squares, hexes Machined parts, pump shafts, fasteners
Plate Hot rolled plate, sheared plate Structural parts, casings, brackets
Sheet Hot rolled, cold rolled, sheared sheet Shrouds, ducts, covers
Tubing Seamless, welded Piping, heat exchangers, cylinders
Castings Investment cast, sand cast Complex shaped parts, housings
Extrusions Hot extruded Aircraft struts, channels
Forgings Closed die forgings Rings, discs, fasteners
Welding GTAW, GMAW, SMAW Fabricated components and assemblies
Heat Treatment Solution anneal and age, stabilize Optimize final properties
Coatings Electroplated, conversion coatings Corrosion protection
Additive Mfg Powder bed, directed energy deposition Complex geometries

Choosing the optimal form and processing route enables designers to achieve the right balance of properties, performance, and cost for their specific application.

Suppliers and Availability of Material 718

As a widely used superalloy, material 718 is readily available from leading global suppliers of high performance alloys:

Table 6: Leading Suppliers of Material 718

Supplier Product Designations Forms Available
Haynes International Haynes 718 alloy Bar, sheet, plate, tube
Carpenter Technologies Pyromet 718 Bar, billet, wire
Special Metals Corp Inconel 718 Bar, plate, sheet, tube, welding wire
VSMPO EI-718 Plate, sheet, bar
Allegheny Technologies U718 Bar, billet, plate, sheet
Sandvik Materials Sanicro 718 Bar, wire

Material 718 is readily available with short lead times from distributors in various forms including bar, plate, sheet, tube, and welding consumables. Custom forgings, castings, and fasteners are also procurable from approved suppliers.

Table 7: Price Ranges for Material 718

Form Price Range
Plate $8-12 per lb
Bar $7-10 per lb
Sheet $12-18 per lb
Tube $15-22 per lb
Forging $15-25 per lb
Castings $18-30 per lb

Prices vary based on order volume, size, lead time, testing/inspection requirements, and supplier. Large volume OEM agreements can reduce costs significantly.

Installation of Material 718 Components

Proper installation of material 718 components requires adherence to specifications, use of qualified procedures, and thorough documentation:

Table 8: Material 718 Installation Guidelines

Parameter Recommendations
Handling Use proper lifting equipment, avoid surface damage
Storage Keep indoors, away from chemical exposure
Fastening Use specified torque values, anti-seize compounds
Gaskets Select compatible gasket materials, replace as needed
Sealing Ensure leak-tight seals, quality welds for pressure containment
Connections Double check ratings for pipes, valves, fittings
Documentation Record torque values, leak checks, any anomalies
Testing Validate pressure tests, integrity tests prior to operation
Safety Wear personal protective equipment, safe work permits

Following qualified installation procedures is vital to prevent leaks, damage, or unsafe conditions when putting 718 systems into service. Thorough documentation provides quality records.

Operation and Maintenance of Material 718 Equipment

To achieve reliable performance and long service life from material 718 equipment, proper operation and maintenance protocols must be implemented:

Table 9: Material 718 Operation and Maintenance Guidelines

Activity Recommendations
Monitoring Continuously monitor pressures, flows, temps, vibration
Inspection Regularly inspect for wear, corrosion, cracks
Lubrication Maintain proper lube oil levels, change filters
Seals Replace worn or damaged seals and gaskets
Fasteners Check and re-torque critical fasteners
Cleaning Follow proper procedures to remove deposits and avoid damage
Overhaul Disassemble, inspect, and repair components per schedule
Documentation Record operating parameters, maintenance actions
Training Ensure personnel are properly trained on procedures
Safety Use lock-out tag-out, personal protective equipment

Operating and maintaining 718 equipment according to OEM guidelines ensures safe, reliable long-term performance.

material 718

Choosing a Reliable Material 718 Supplier

With so many suppliers offering material 718, choosing a reliable source is key to ensuring high quality consistent components:

Table 10: How to Choose a Reliable Material 718 Supplier

Consideration Best Practices
Reputation Select established suppliers with proven track records
Quality Systems ISO 9001 and AS9100 certifications
Testing Capabilities Supplier should have extensive in-house lab testing capabilities
Inventory Look for distributors with a large stock of standard sizes to enable quick delivery
Lead Times Ask about current lead times and availability for your specific needs
Technical Support Supplier should provide knowledgeable technical support
Documentation Manufacturer mill certifications should be provided
Quality Assurance Ability to provide third party inspection services
Reliability On time delivery and complete orders are vital
Value Add Some offer additional services like heat treating, machining, coating

Choosing suppliers with in-depth material 718 expertise and capabilities ensures buyers get products that consistently meet specifications.

Pros and Cons of Material 718

Material 718 provides excellent performance in demanding applications, but has some limitations to consider:

Table 11: Pros and Cons of Material 718

Pros Cons
Excellent strength at high temperatures More expensive than lower alloys
Resists creep, rupture, and fatigue failure Subject to strain-age cracking during forming
Withstands thermal shock and cycling Lower corrosion resistance than stainless steels
Oxidation resistant up to 1000°C Requires heat treatment to achieve full properties
Welds readily for fabrication Sensitive to contamination during processing
Machinable using high performance tooling Difficult to join dissimilar metals
Formable into complex shapes Limited to continuous use up to 704°C

For optimal results, design and process engineers must work to maximize the advantages of 718 while minimizing Limitations through proper design, manufacturing, inspection, and operation.

Material 718 versus Other Superalloys

Material 718 is part of the nickel-chromium superalloy family. It offers an optimal balance of properties when compared to other superalloys:

Table 12: How Material 718 Compares to Other Superalloys

Alloy Strength Toughness Weldability Corrosion Resistance Temperature Resistance Cost
718 Excellent Excellent Excellent Moderate Excellent Moderate
Waspaloy Excellent Good Fair Moderate Excellent High
Rene 41 Good Moderate Good Moderate Excellent Moderate
Hastelloy X Moderate Excellent Excellent Excellent Good Very High
Haynes 230 Excellent Moderate Good Excellent Excellent High
Inconel 625 Moderate Excellent Excellent Excellent Moderate Moderate

Material 718 provides the best all-around combination of strength, weldability, and corrosion resistance for many demanding applications, especially where cost is a consideration.

Material 718 and Additive Manufacturing

Additive manufacturing (AM) enables fabrication of complex 718 parts that would be extremely difficult or impossible to make via traditional methods. AM with 718 provides benefits like:

  • Ability to produce complex geometries not feasible with casting or forging
  • Reduced lead times and costs for small production volumes
  • Ability to optimize designs for performance rather than manufacturability
  • Reduced waste compared to subtractive fabrication methods
  • Ability to repair or add features to existing components
  • Potential to consolidate assemblies into single printed parts

Limitations of AM with 718 include:

  • Higher cost for large production volumes
  • Slower build rates than traditional manufacturing
  • Post-processing may be required to achieve final properties
  • Anisotropic material properties may require design adjustments
  • Qualification testing required to validate printed part performance
  • Supply chain maturity lags behind conventional production

As the technology develops, AM with 718 will see increased adoption for complex, high value applications in aerospace, energy, and industrial markets.

FAQs

Q: What is material 718 used for?

A: Material 718 is most widely used in jet engines, gas turbines, chemical and petrochemical plants, and other applications requiring exceptional strength and corrosion resistance at elevated temperatures.

Q: Is material 718 weldable?

A: Yes, 718 can be readily welded using Gas Tungsten Arc Welding (GTAW), Gas Metal Arc Welding (GMAW), Shielded Metal Arc Welding (SMAW), and other welding processes. Proper procedures must be followed to avoid cracking.

Q: What is the difference between Inconel 718 and Haynes 718?

A: Both are trademarked names for alloy 718. Inconel 718 is produced by Special Metals Corporation, while Haynes 718 is produced by Haynes International. The alloys have nearly identical compositions and properties.

Q: What is the tensile strength of 718?

A: The minimum specified tensile strength of annealed and aged 718 is 1241 MPa. Actual strength can reach 1370 MPa or higher depending on processing.

Q: What metals can 718 be welded to?

A: 718 can be welded to steels, stainless steels, and dissimilar nickel alloys with proper procedures. Joint design, filler material, and post weld heat treatment are critical factors.

Q: What is the maximum operating temperature of 718?

A: While 718 has useful strength up to 1095°C, it is typically limited to continuous use up to 704°C for most applications. Higher temp capability is possible depending on loading and environment.

Q: Is material 718 compatible with 316 stainless steel?

A: Yes, 718 and 316 stainless can be successfully joined and used together when proper design, surface preparation, dissimilar welding procedures are followed.

Q: What is the difference between 718 and 725 alloys?

A: Alloy 725 has slightly improved strength and corrosion resistance thanks to additions of tantalum and niobium. 725 is more expensive but offers advantages for demanding chemical process industry applications.

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